Apparatus for burning bricks



- Jan. 19, 1926. 1,569,952

v w. w. DICKINSON, JR

APPARATUS FOR BURNING BRICKS Filed Jan. 4, 192: 2 Sheets-Sheet 1INVENTOR. William W. Dickinson Jr.

ATTORNEY.

Jan. 19, 1926. I 1,569,952

w, w. DICKINSON, JR

APPARATUS FOR BURNING BRICKS filed Jan. 4. 1923 2 Sheets-St le 2 Ll U) Iu 7.3 R 1S INVENTOR. William W. Dickinson Jr.

. A TTORNE Y.

Patented Jan. 19, 1926.

'UNITED STATES WILLIAM W. DICKINSON, JR.,

OF LITTLE ROCK, ARKANSAS.

APPARATUS FOR BURNING BRICKS.

Application filed January 4', 1923.

To all wit-0m "J2 may concern:

Be it known that I, IVILLIAM W. DICKIN- soN, J12, a citizen of theUnited States, residing at Little Rock, in the county of Pulaski andState of Arkansas, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement inApparatus for Burning Bricks, of

which the following is a full, clear. and

carrying device therefor so designed rela tively to each other that theone will brace and support the other during transportation, the scovingalso conforming to the requirements of the kiln structure; while furtherobjects and advantages of the invention will become apparent as thedescription proceeds. This invention is an improvement upon thatdescribed and claimed in my Patent No. 1,403,300 issued January 10,1922, and its general nature will be understood by reference to theaccompanying drawings in which I have illustrated somewhatdiagrammatically certain physical embodiments of the same. Fig. 1 is aperspective view of a portion of a row of kilns constructed inaccordance with my invention; Fig. 2 is a face View of a portion of oneof the lifting frames together with a section or panel of the scoving;Fig. 3 is a sectional View cor responding to the line 3-3 of Fig. 2 andlooking in the direction of the arrows; Fig. 4 is an edge view of thecarrying frame unloaded; and Fig. 5 is a perspective view of one of thesupporting fingers.

So far as my invention itself is concerned 1t 15 immaterial whether eachkiln 1s independent of all others or whether they ad- Serial No.610,598.

of the row or even a common derrick. The only essential requirement isthat the scoving be applied bodily after the body of the kiln is built,held securely and tightly in place while it is being burned, and be thenbodily removed to enable rapid cooling and ready demolition.

In the embodiment here shown 11 represent the rails and 2 the travelingframe of an overhead crane, 3 being the carriage and d the hoisting drumfrom which depends the cable 5. Beneath this crane is a row of kilnsrepresented generally at A, B, C, D, and E, of which A is beingdemolished, B is cooling, 0 is burning, D is drying, and E is beingbuilt. The bricks in the interior of the kiln are laid in the usualmanner so as to permit the rapid and uniform penetration of the heatedgases to every part thereof, this work being done either manually ormechanically, suitable arch ways or eyes FF being left for the receptionof the fuel or the introduction and distribution of the heated gases.The outer walls of the kiln are given an inclination or batter indicatedat G which preferably varies at different points as shown in Fig. 3,between top and bottom, producing a generally sloping outer surfacewhich may either define a somewhat regular curve from top to bottom asindicated in Fig. 1 or a comparatively abruot elbow at some pointbetween the top and bottom as indicated at H in Fig. 3. This inclinationor batter has the double function of increasing the stability of thekiln and of cooperating with my improved scoving in a way I will nowdescribe.

This improved scoving consists of a plurality of sections or panels madeof any suitable refractory material such as fire brick, suitably heldtogether and comformingsubstantially to the exterior shape of the kiln.Certain mode s of manufacturing this scoving are set forth in my priorpatent N 0. 1,403,300. For purposes of the present case it is sutlicientto state that it is best made of fire brick, either tongued or groovedtogether or furnished with metal dowel pins; the scoving may sometimesbe laid up without this precaution but in any event it is best to cementthe bricks together by some sort of ceramic cement which will hardenunder the heat of the kiln; and in addition to which these panels may bepainted or coated from time to time upon the inner and outer surfacewith a suitable glazing r finishing material which shall. assist them towithstand the heat of the burning and the strains of transportation.

In the construction of these panels, the side walls of the kilns arefirst built to the required curvature, either by the use of a suitabletemplate or by the experience of the workmen which soon enables them todispense with templates. Spaced supporting bricks 7-'T are then laidalong the side of the kiln and on these are built the various panels(i(i, which are originally laid up one brick at a time so as to followapproximately the slope or the kiln and produce what may be looked uponas a kind of rampant arch. Complementary rabbets 8-8 are formed at thevertical edges of these panels, and holes 9 are tormed so as to registerwith the diti'erent eyes or arches. Preferably the width of each panelis equal to the distance between adjacent eyes so that each panel ismade with a central hole 9, thereby rendering all the panels mutuallyinterchangeable. As soon as the kiln has been burned the first time, theheat thereof welds each panel into a single rigid plate.

For transporting these panels I provide a frame one type of which isshown diagrammatically in Fig. 1 and with more detail in the remainingviews. This frame comprises a plurality of upright metal bars 1010conforming in shape to the exterior of the panels and braced by suitablehorizontal members 11, 12 and 18. In the present embodiment the member11 consists of a horizontal rod at the lower end, the member 12 aplurality of horizontal plates riveted be tween various bars adjacenttheir upper ends and the member 13 a similar series of plates rivetedbetween these bars a short distance above the rod 11. :Pivoted upon therod 11 between each pair of bars are a pairoi rightangular memberscomprising a carrying linger 15 having a seating portion 16 adapt ed toengage the lowermost brick of: the panel, and a shank portion 17 adaptedto engage the member 13. Each of these members is .formed at thejunction of the portions 15 and 17 with an aperture 18, through whichpasses the rod 11. rangement permits such of these devices as are notnecessary, to be rotated back out of the way as shown in Fig. at.Besides these members are preferably slidable freely along the rod 11 soas to avoid the blocks 'T-7 in case there should be any inadvertence inthe spacing of the same under different panels.

Pivoted to the uppermost end of each of the bars 10 is a lever 20 whoseouter ends are connected by av suitable cross-piece '21 and whose innerends are connected by a second cross-piece 22 to which is fastened awooden pressure block 28. Hinged to the The pivotal arcross-piece 21 isa suitable equalizer 24 to which in turn is attached a suspension hook25 carried by the cable 5.

In use this frame is applied to the panel which is to be moved, thelingers in being adjusted as necessary to tit between the blocks 77, thebars 20 conforming closely to the exterior of the panel, and the block23 fitting over the upper edge of the same In order to bring the arm 20substantially horizontal it is sometimes necessary to interpose suitabletillers 26 such as old timber:- or pieces of scantling. If new the cableI- be elevated, the inner ends of the lever: 20 will tend to pinch thepanel against the lingers 15 while its crowning shape presses it againstthe face of the bars ant causes it to be held with great security, whileit is transferred from point to point by the crane still possessing itsrampant position. To facilitate the moving of the empty frame, a pair ofrods 27-27 are articulated to the cross-piece 21 and the eyes 28 attheir lower ends adapted to be applied to hooks 29 on the bars as shownin Fig. 1, thereby holding the levers 20 in horizontal position readytor instant application to any desired panel.

In case any panel becomes accidentally broken or disintegrated, a newone is built as at first, wherever convenience may indicate, and afterthe first burning becomes fused into a unitary mass. T he joints of thepanels can be stopped by means of clay, mud, sand, etc., as will beunderstood by all brick-makers; the inside of the panel may be shimmedaway from the wall of the kiln in case it shoul become warped so as notto fit the same or in case the workmen should mistake the batter to beprovided; and likewise the exterior of the panel can be shimmed awayfrom the frame in case of warping or mistake in manufacture. Also I donot restrict the use of my invention to the side walls of the kiln forit is obvious that it can equally be up )lied to the end walls or thetop walls merely by varying the angles. Accordingly I limit myself in noway except as recited in the annexed claims.

Having thus described my invention what I claim is:

1. A kiln scoving consisting of rigid rectangular independently movableanels of non-metallic heatresisting materia supported in uprightposition upon the exterior of the kiln, each of said panels bowed outwardly between its upper and lower ends and the body of the kiln beingsloped to conform approximately therewith.

2. Apparatus for burning bricks including a kiln covering made ofrectangular panels of non-metallic heat-resisting material, set inupright position about the kiln, each panel being bowed outwardlybetween its upper and lower ends, and means for ti l transporting saidpanels bodily from one place on the kiln to another.

3. Apparatus for burning bricksincluding a kiln covering made ofoutwardly bowed rectangular panels of non-metallic heat-resistingmaterial, and a carrying frame therefor having a part adapted to engagethe exterior of a panel in tracing relation and other parts adapted toengage the margins of the panel in compressing relation. a

4. Apparatus for burning bricks including a kiln covering made ofrectangular panels of non-metallic heat-resisting materiahbowedlengthwise and having their convex sides outward, said panels being located in upright position about the side walls of said kiln 5. A kilnscoving consisting of independent rigid rectangular panels curved in thedirection of their length and mounted in rampant position upon the sidesof the kiln body, and means for transporting said panels in rampantposition including a rigid frame adapted to engage the convex sides ofsaid panels, and members carried by said frame adapted to engage andpress inwardly upon the end margin of said panels.

6. The combination with a portable sec tional kiln scoving consisting ofrectangular panels of non-metallic heat-resisting material, constitutingrampant arches, ofi a carrying frame for said panels comprising a partadapted to engage the crowns of the arches in bracing relation and otherparts adapted to engage the springers of the arches in squeezinrelation.

In testimony whereof, I hereunto afiix my signature.

WILLIAM W. DICKINSON, JR.

